Life on Mars Textual analysis

Generic codes and conventions

Life on Mars starts off in 2006 with the generic conventions of a crime drama, starting off with a car chase in an urban middle class area, then showing police cars, police uniforms and the detective who is not wearing a uniform and instead wearing a suit to show who the main character is by contrasting him to everyone else. Then there is a normal chase with Sam chasing the criminal down into an alley way which is where he catches him, an alley way is a place not many people go to unless you live there but usually people take the main paths as alley ways are connoted of being dodgy and creepy and is considerably safer to take the main road. Sam takes down the criminal with a baton which is a sign itself connecting to police as that's their main weapon, he doesn't use it willingly though as he starts getting attacked first and pulls the baton out for self defence. The next scene is an interrogation in a police station with a mix of different people who are different genders and ethnicities to show that in 2006, everyone is equal in this workspace. In the interrogation scene, we can see surveillance cameras, photos of the crime and the 2006 process of solving a crime. The reason Life on Mars are showing all these generic conventions in the first few minutes of the first episode so later the change to 1973 is more transparent for the viewer and to show how different times were in 1973. Life on Mars links to Neale's Genre Theory where genres are dominated by repetition so audiences can identify the genre however it changes over time by borrowing conventions from another genre and overlap, Life on Mars starts off as a normal crime drama by showing the normal iconography but later takes sci-fi conventions to convert crime drama to historical crime drama. Once Sam is in 1973, all the crime drama iconography is subverted to fit in 1973, for example, there is no technology like surveillance cameras as they didn't have them then, there are many more like police uniform, location etc. The boss of 1973 is Jean Hunt who is a very masculine character is the major sign that it is 1973 with the expression of his aggression onto other characters like beating up Sam which wouldn't of been allowed in 2006. 

Narrative: Binary Opposites

The first binary opposite we can identify is Criminal vs Police, the evidence is police chasing someone down an alleyway which signs that this guy is a criminal. The next binary opposite is Male vs Female meaning Sam Tyler vs Sam's Girlfriend, they both have different views on the case and want to approach it differently causing arguments but Sam shuts her down. Linking to Bell Hooks theory of the idea that feminism is a struggle to end sexist/patriarchal oppression and the ideology of domination, 2006 has some male domination over females but as Sam goes into 1973, male dominance is much greater than in 2006 and women are exploited, discriminated against or oppressed much more. Another binary opposite comes up which is 2006 vs 1973, the difference in the location, technology, characters, fashion, cars, jobs, politics, law and many more. Also Reality vs Fantasy is another one as us, the audience still aren't sure if this is real or is in Sam's mind. Sam vs Tyler is the next binary opposite as their is a huge difference in them two characters, at the moment Sam is more softer and calm and takes his job the more safe and law side approach whereas Hunt is more aggressive and uses different methods that would get him in trouble if he was in 2006. The reason there are so many binary opposites are to forward the narrative linking to Levi-Strauss theory of meaning is dependent on upon pairs of opposition.

Narrative: Enigma Code

There are many enigmas in the first episode, first starting off with, the first crime in the episode, what is going on, why are they chasing him, where is it, then we go to the interrogation scene and find out its not him, so we still need to figure out who is the suspect but he is still suspicious so we don't know if its hi or not. Also, why has the main character lost his skills, and has relationship issues, all these problems are normal problems that appear in basically every crime drama. Then we go into 1973 with more enigmas, why is he there, what does he do, what does he need to do to go back, how is he going to cope, how is he going to solve this crime. Towards the end, Neil pretends that he is his subconscious and talks to him, making Sam and the audience completely sure that he is in a coma, but then Cartwright talks to him about how he was joking which confuses us and Sam twisting the main enigma and plot. Using this code within a narrative usually frustrates an audience but also pulls them in as they want to find out what happens next and they also want their questions answered links to Barthes Theory of the idea that texts communicate their meanings through a process of signification.

Restricted or unrestricted

Restricted	Unrestricted
We know the same amount of what Sam knows about the 2006 and 1973 crimes	We know that Sam shouldn't be there, but every other character doesn't believe him.
We don't know if Sam is in a coma or not, we have the same thoughts as him	Not sure but could be a sign where the hospital sounds can be heard randomly showing us that he is in a coma which other characters cant hear
Sam knows he shouldn't be there, but every other character doesn't know	Us and Sam know the future whereas 1973 character's doesn't
We don't know why Sam is there in the first place	We knew that Sam went back in time straight away but Sam didn't believe it straight away
We don't know what Sam needs to do to go back	We know what caused Sam to go into a coma (if he is in a coma) but other characters don't
We know methods Sam could use to solve the crime but he can't do it in 1973	We know that Sam is still alive in 2006 because none of this would be happening if he was dead
We don’t know if Maya is ok or not
Us and Sam know that he is gone back for a reason as later on we find relations to 2006

Bigfoot Explanation

Bigfoot Mockumentary

Shot 1

I chose to do an eye level shot for the first scene as the main character is talking to the camera and many other programmes use eye level shots for when someone is talking to the camera. Also eye level shots simulate standard human vision and thus present visual information through a familiar viewpoint. The location starts just outside the woods so the audience doesn't feel like they have missed anything.

Shot 2

For scene 2, Im using an over the shoulder shot as the main guy starts walking away with the camera man following him and have the audiences attention on him still while being able to capture the perspective of the main character. The reason I have chose the woods is because normal Bigfoot documentaries use the woods as its main location and I want my mockumentary to feel like a normal documentary at the beginning until the 'Bigfoot' is found and clearly tells the audience that it is a mockumentary. 

Shot 3

Scene 3 uses a wide angle shot to not only show the surroundings but also allow the audience to try and find where the noise came from before zooming into 'Bigfoot'.

Shot 4

This uses a running shot, where the camera man is running with the main character and the camera is swaying from left to right to show the running movement.

Shot 5

Over the shoulder shot will show the main characters approaching 'Bigfoot' to show what the main character is looking at while keeping it naturalistic because if I used a first person shot then it immediately becomes unnatural as it is impossible to have the POV of someone else.

Shot 6

This scene uses upper body shot, instead of using another OTS shot for this conversation, UB shot allows more focus on this new character.

Production shot list

Life On Mars

Genre and Narrative

Life on Mars is a hybrid genre of crime drama and sci-fi, this can be easily identified as the iconography of each genre comes up. At the beginning it seems just to be a normal crime drama starting off with a car chase, police cars, police uniform and a normal chase in a urban city, then they catch him and do a police interrogation and show their office. Then the main characters girlfriend or sidekick gets kidnapped and the main character becomes distraught causing him to be in an accident, he has some flashbacks and wakes up in 1970. This is when the sci-fi part comes in as he has travelled time from 2009 to 1970, or its all in his head like a coma. It changes from a normal crime drama to a historical drama as it has new iconographies like the location is an 1970's version of the urban city he was in previously and a cop comes over to him with 70's uniform. He goes back to his office to find the 1970's version of it with other people inside everyone is wearing 70's clothing and is smoking, the new sidekick and boss is there too, he is immediately put into a murder case and starts making connections to the real time and this time and why he is there. Now and then, the main character can hear or see signs of the 2009 time seeping into his visions like the TV talks about his coma condition, this is all definitely sci-fi as this is all impossible. This change of everything around Sam links to Neale's theory of how the initial genre is easily recognisable but it slowly changes or borrow from other genres however Life on Mars doesn't slowly change, its a sudden change from crime drama to sci-fi crime drama and historical crime drama. The rest of the episode is him struggling to figure out if he is really in a coma or not and is slowly figuring out other enigmas one at a time very slowly.

Sam Tyler, the main character has problems with himself right at the beginning just like other crime drama's, his problems are that he has lost his skills in his job and doesn't do as well anymore, has relationship issues with his girlfriend and another issue that later comes up is him getting emotional about his girlfriend being kidnapped. Then more problems comes up as he goes into the 70's, he is mainly confused with why he is there, struggles to fit in and he doesn't know how to solve crimes in these times as they don't have the equipment that he had in 2009. While in an interrogation in the 70's, you see the good cop side of Sam and then the bad cop side of the boss, maybe meaning that the Boss is the missing part of Sam and he needs to learn skills in the 70's so he can go back to being good at his job. 

Enigmas

There are many enigmas in the first episode, first starting off with, the first crime in the episode, what is going on, why are they chasing him, where is it, then we go to the interrogation scene and find out its not him, so we still need to figure out who is the suspect. Also, why has the main character lost his skills, and has relationship issues, all these problems are normal problems that appear in basically every crime drama. Then we go into the 70's with more enigmas, why is he there, what does he do, what does he need to do to go back, how is he going to cope, how is he going to solve this 70's crime. Towards the end, Neil pretends that he is his subconscious and talks to him, making Sam and the audience completely sure that he is in a coma, but then Cartwright talks to him about how he was joking which confuses us and Sam twisting the main enigma and plot. 

Representation

At the beginning, it shows a normal representation of a modern urban city with different genders and ethnicities working together which is also shown in the office scene. The police are very serious and act professional. When Sam goes back in time, representations change, the representation of the urban city he was in has changed from well built structures and quite clean to less crowded buildings but more messy. The policeman who approaches him is more rude compared to modern police and is confused when Sam talks about mobile phones and cars which don't exist yet. When Sam goes to his work place to find only white men who are smoking, this is a close representation of what workplaces was like in the 70's, they are also very careless as there is a scene of a guy dropping his sandwich on the evidence and doesn't really care about it because in the 70's, it doesn't matter as they didn't have the equipment to see fingerprints and analyse them. The boss is violent and careless too as rules then wasn't as strict as they are now, The boss could do anything without getting in trouble. The methods they use in solving crimes represent what it was like in the 70's like sending an important object from the crime scene to Scotland Yard and waiting 2 weeks for feedback shows how limited they were in the 70's. The only female that goes into the office is a nurse to help Sam out, in the 70's, women had jobs that were considered more feminine because it was believed by many men that only men should do the serious jobs. Only in 1960 is when women started working properly but many man still didn't like it. The only black character so far in Life on Mars is Nelson, 

PAPER 2 SECTION A TELEVISION CRIME DRAMA Introduction

Crime Drama

Sub-Genres

• In the cosy mystery genre, the detective is usually an amateur, the violence is never described in detail, and the setting is often a small town. The detective uses their powers of observation and deduction, as well as an excellent general knowledge to solve the crime. 
• In the hard-boiled private investigator genre, the detective works in a large city, and the violence is explicit. The detective follows clues in the dark underbelly of the city.
• The legal thriller requires research into the rules and procedures of a legal world. Readers want to know what happens after a crime is committed and an arrest is made. You can use crises of legal conscience to make your characters more rounded. 
• Modern PIs are often former policemen, They are usually hired by private individuals to solve mysteries or crimes, and to find people.
• The police procedural is realistic and should be as accurate as the author can make it. The reader is taken to squad rooms, morgues, courts, and crime scenes. This genre is complicated and the detective is often under a lot of pressure. For example, he could be dealing with many cases, he generally has personal problems with relationships, and his superiors want the case solved. There are secondary characters, including suspects, police officers, lawyers, and criminals. 
• The medical thriller is a suspense novel that takes place in a hospital. The protagonists are usually doctors or nurses. The plot is based on situations unique to medicine and medical research. 
• The forensic thriller is where the lead character is usually a woman who is a scientist or pathologist. Research is needed. Accuracy is essential. Most of the action takes place in crime scenes and morgues, and in the lead character’s home. 
• The general suspense thriller features a protagonist who is generally thrown into the action in the aftermath of a crime. This hero is often an ordinary person who is called on to solve a problem. Sometimes, this person must prove his or her innocence, often to the police and other characters in the novel.
• The military thriller has a protagonist who is often a member of the military, MI5 or MI6, the CIA, or the FBI, or a consultant to a military agency. Readers of this genre love the details and a lot of research is necessary. Often the criminals are crooked politicians or terrorists. The action often spans continents.
• The buddy genre is which 2 people often both men are put together and work together even though they are almost usually binary opposites. The two often contrast in personality, which creates a different dynamic onscreen than a pairing of two people of the opposite gender.
• The gangster genre which often glorifies the criminal activities of gangsters, elevating them to almost hero status. These anti-heroes sometimes reach the conclusion that crime does pay but often carries moral, psychological, and physical repercussion.
• Vigilante genre is when the protagonist or protagonists engage in vigilante behaviour, taking the law into their own hands. Usually its for revenge in which the legal system fails protagonists, leading them to become vigilantes.
• Historical genre is a crime drama set in the past, for example, in the Wild West or Victorian England and many more. Rules and crimes would be different in the past, so it is interesting to see how the detective figures crimes out in those times. 

Hybrid Genres

• Sci-Fi 
• Horror
• Comedy

Narrative

Many crime dramas begin with an opening teaser. This is where we see the crime happen but we don't see the perpetrator. However it doesn't always start that way. Next we usually see the life of the main character before they are called into the crime scene. The main character and the sidekick investigate the crime scene and try to solve it. Many suspects appear and many are accused of committing the crime until the main character and the sidekick figure out who did it and arrest them or the crime is very complicated and every episode is a new clue or crime until the end when they finally figure it out. The narrative in every crime drama is usually a constructed reality which contains:

• A (car) chase
• The crime is usually murder/drama that will usually be to do with family of the protagonist
• Use formulas
• Employ some stereotypical representations
• Make iconic use of hand guns, police cars, banks, uniformed and un-uniformed police and explosions
• Conflicts due to difference in policing
• Betrayal
• Someone's private life becomes public
• The villain will have an unidentified issue

With Luther, it starts with the end of an investigation as Luther has found the villain and is chasing him. Then the villain falls and almost dies, Luther is slightly traumatised by this and he struggles to cope during work, effecting him for numerous episodes. The next crime is shown, and Luther is called to it with his new sidekick who is a new recruit. Throughout the first episode, Luther figures out how the crime was committed and who did it, However, going against conventions, Luther doesn't arrest the villain straight away and seems to help her continuing onto other episodes.

Technical Codes

The iconography of Crime Drama are Suits, Lab coat (forensics), Police uniform, Police badge, Police cars, Police tape, Technology e.g. surveillance, recording and Weapons. Setting example would be a Police station, City – more people = more crime, Interrogation Room, Crime scenes and many more. Fast paced action is used to build suspense, using fast transitions and hand held cameras, and loud fast music. While, slow, intense scenes use slow cuts with proper cameras to keep concentration on what is happening with quiet, slow music or silent so it isn't to distracting and the audience can concentrate on the scene. Close ups, upper body shot and eye level shots etc. are used in intense scenes whereas, wide shots, tracking shots and two shots etc. are used in fast paced scenes.

Character Codes

Usually the main character is a police officer/detective/CID however it doesn't always have to be. The main character tends to have experienced an accident of some sort and are going back to work. The sidekick tends to be in the scientific work, such as forensic scientist or is a victim of a crime that has happened or is a rookie in the crime job and is following the main character around. The boss is usually at the office or where there work base is, maybe sometimes they come out to the crime scene if its really important, there are two types of boss, can have the boss who supports the detective even though they aren't playing by the rules or the boss who is very strict and sticks with the rules.. The villain usually has a motif for why they did the crime(s), if its a series with the same villain then the villain usually messes the main character around for many episodes until caught but if the villain is just for one episode then they always get caught by the main character at the end.

Story Board

 

EXAM PAPER 1 SECTION B

 PAPER 1 Section B   45 marks ( 45 minutes writing time )
Complete all of  the following questions and publish on your blog. You can plan and research your answers .   
 3a What is a media conglomerate ? ( 2 )
Media conglomerate is a company that owns numerous companies involved in mass media enterprises

3b  How does ownership shape the content of newspapers ? Refer to the Mirror and The Times (8)
Ownership can shape content of newspapers drastically. For example, if there is an article about Brexit, if the newspaper company is left wing then they would lean towards more about leaving the EU and if they were right wing then it would be more about staying in the EU. The Times are right wing so they would have news and articles that somewhat support there right wing views whereas The Mirror are left wing so they would support that in there newspaper, they do this so they influence there audience to agree with their beliefs. Also, their beliefs isn't the only factor that shapes the context of newspapers, another factor is how successful the company that owns that newspaper is, for example, if the company is very successful, reliable and has enough money, that will allow for more news and better detail whereas the opposite, they wouldn't have enough to get good news. The Mirror and The Times are very reliable and successful newspapers so they are given a lot of news for them to publish, whereas, let's say a local newspaper won't be able to have the news that The Times and Mirror have.

3c  What has been the impact of recent technologies on all elements of  the newspaper industry   and how has it responded to these challenges ?  Refer to The Mirror and The Times   ( 12)

Technology has evolved and has changed many things, the newspaper industry is one of them. With technology expanding to more and more people, less people are buying newspapers physically and getting them online instead. Because of this change, big newspaper companies will have to see this trend and follow it so they did, The Times have made a paywall after a month to see their news, three different subscriptions which include different things which all allow readers to get e-newspapers. The Mirror also has a paywall after 2 months and also have different subscriptions too. Technology hasn't only badly impacted newspaper companies but also have helped them, advertising used to be just on print whereas The Times, The Mirror and every other newspaper can now advertise their newspaper on the internet which is very popular in the world as its used by everyone and will help increase the wide range of audiences they can hook onto to their newspaper. This also allows them to save money as with doing their news and advertising online, they won't need as much staff to manage the online newspapers, with the money they can get better news or improve the newspapers to keep on top of the competition of the newspaper industry.

4a  What is the importance of  fandom in media products ?  Refer to the Assassins Creed franchise to support your points  ( 8 )

A fandom is a subculture composed of fans characterised by a feeling of empathy with others who share a common interest. The subject of fan interest can be narrowly defined, focused on something like an individual celebrity, or more widely defined, encompassing entire hobbies, genres or fashions. It's like a small community that supports that certain media product, it allows people to talk about it without getting any bad feedback as its a community that all agrees together. For example, Assassin's Creed has 

their own fandom page which talks about books, database entries, characters, locations, missions, objects, organisations, skills, weapons, events, legends, and more, as well as images of many subjects. This shows Ubisoft (the developer of AC) that people really support that game and it should keep going and if their is something that the fans don't like, Ubisoft can change if they wanted to, its a great way of communicating with people who enjoy the franchise and the developers.

4b How is the gaming industry regulated or what are the challenges in this particular industry  ?  (8)

The Games Rating Authority (GRA) which is part of the Video Standards Council, they rate games using the PEGI system. Games which carry a PEGI 12, 16 or 18 rating cannot be sold or hired to persons below the respective age bar. This allows parents to know what games are allowed for their child/children. However there is still a problem with this rating system as its ignored by 2/5 parents as they think all games are made suitable for children already meaning they let there kids play games that have a unsuitable rating for them. The rating system isn't the only part of the gaming industry with a flaw, there is a current issue in the gaming industry called crunch, crunch is when employees are pushed too far under a time constraint to complete tasks and work overtime with no additional pay which causes stress and anxiety for the employees. Micro transactions are purchasable in game for digital items, this is good for game developers as its another way of earning more money however for gamers it isn't so good as its like a pay to win in some games where buying this specific digital item will give a unfair advantage over people who haven't bought it, another problem with micro transactions is that the younger gamers don't realise that they are paying with real money and thought they were using the in game currency, game developers need to find the perfect balance of having micro transactions, none at all or just a bit that doesn't cause unfair advantages with obvious signs that its real money. There is another problem like micro transactions is loot boxes which is like a lucky dip where there is a chance to get something really good however its usually not, governments are deciding if these loot boxes is gambling and should be banned or not. Many game developers have removed loot boxes now but there are still many popular games that still have loot boxes which is a problem they need to sort.

5    How important is historical context to media products ? 
                Refer to your Tide advertising case study.               (7) 

Historical context is very important for media products for many reasons. A good reason for knowing historical context of media products allows other companies to dodge problems that other companies have encountered previously or seeing a certain method helps with their product so they can copy that. However not knowing historical context could damage your company as it could offend people as time has changed. For example, the Tide advert from the 1950's which is after WW2, when the men would come back from the army to do their original job and the wife would go back home to do all he house jobs, companies like Tide took this opportunity to promote their product, the advert is of a women happily hugging the tide box, messages all over to attract the audience and  encourage them to buy or to use more and therefore buy more, it all comes together to appeal mostly to the housewife. Back then this advert was alright but if an advert was to be like that today then, firstly it wouldn't really do well as housewives isn't really a thing anymore as women and men work now and secondly would offend women as it would give off the message that they aren't suitable for work and should stay at home cleaning. Historical context is very important as it shapes the way media products are shown to their audiences.

NEWSPAPERS PAPER 1 SECTION A: MIRROR AND TIMES KEY TEXT FRONT COVER / ARTICLE ANALYSIS

These newspapers which are The Times and Daily Mirror have articles about Brexit on the front cover. Brexit was the UK holding a referendum of whether it should stay in the EU or leave, it ended up with 51.89% of voters voted to leave the EU. The UK left the EU on 31 January 2020. Until the transition period ends which is 31 December 2020, the UK wont change anything meaning they will still have to comply with all the EU rules. Theresa May planned a Brexit deal which didn't go too well in the UK parliament as it votes were 391 votes to 242 and she tried again but the same thing happened. If the vote did succeed, then the UK would've started preparing for leave on the 29 March, much more happened but that's the summary of main events of Brexit.

The Times and Daily Mirror magazine was both published on 13 of March so the news about Brexit is very Immediate meaning that it was very recent news then so it would be great for being on the front cover as not many people would of known about what is going on before reading. Brexit obviously effects Britain so this news is culturally close to us which is Familiarity, this is another good reason for this being on the front cover because people want to know how it might effect them as they live in the UK, if it was news about another country where it doesn't effect or relate the UK at all then know one would really want to know so it would b bad for front page news but maybe on another page. Amplitude and Elite Nations and People is the next reason for another reason for why Brexit is good on the front page is that it is a very important event which includes many important people on deciding what happens and all citizens of the UK, it is a big event as it would change the UK drastically depending on the vote. Also having Theresa May on the front cover is good as she was the Prime Minister of UK at the time, means that she is important and means the event is big if the Prime Minister is involved. In some people's eyes this could be good news of Theresa's plans failing but others it could be bad news, bad news usually is better to have on the front cover as its more important to know.

The Newspaper Industry

What are the reasons that newspaper circulation is in decline ?

As technology evolves, more and more people are using technology to do things more quickly and/or efficiently and leaves the companies that didn't use technology behind. Daily newspapers used to be very popular until the rise of e-media news services which are newspapers online, for customers this is great as it is better for it to online but for newspaper companies this is bad as customers wont buy there newspapers anymore.

What has been the response of The Times and other newspapers to try and maintain profits and audiences ? 

Newspaper companies are in competition with one another to ensure that people are consuming their products so they can make money from advertising to keep their company up and running. Over the last decade they have lost 2.25 million readers since the rise of e-media news services which means less money for them, and for them to stay profitable then they cut staff, close offices and especially for local papers they might have to get rid of titles. The Times needed to stay in the competition so to make more money, they put the news behind a paywall to stay profitable, you can still see news on their website but it isn't all the news you would get like on a newspaper so if you want a digital newspaper then you will have to pay for a subscription.

PAPER 1 SECTION B THE TIMES : Research and key questions

Research The Times newspaper and answer the following questions. The best place to start with this research is newscorp.com. 

1. Who owns News Corp? 

The Walt Disney Company

2.What other companies belong to News Corp? 

The News Corp UK are also with News Corp Australia but also Dow Jones, New York Post, HarperCollins Publishers, Storyful and Move. 

3. Do News Corp own any other newspapers? 

 They own The Sun, The Times, The Sunday Times, Press Association and The TLS. Also own numerous stuff on television, internet, advertising, branding & tech, radio, magazines, books and more.

4. What ways can audiences access this newspaper? 

You can get a digital version with a subscription or get it delivered to your house, The Times also has an app to read newspapers offline if downloaded

5. Visit the website of some of the newspapers News Corp owns ( including The Times )and read some of their articles. What political agenda do they hold? 

The Times seems to be with the Conservative Party and so does every other newspaper and magazine owned by News Corp is supporting Conservative party too.

6.Is all of the news content on The Times website freely accessible ?  Why not ?
No because as time goes by, more and more people are using technology to read newspapers so they have made people have to buy newspapers online or have a subscription but you can still get it delivered to you physically but its more popular now to do it online. The only free news content is on their website.

 7. Who is the intended readership (audience) for The Times. You must consider the demographic profile and the psychographic profile. 

The Times target audience is largely middle class, with close to 10.4 million of their readers classified as ABC1 according to the NRS social grade system.

PAPER1 SECTION B THE MIRROR Research and key questions

 Research The Daily Mirror newspaper and answer the following questions.
 The best place to start with this research is reachplc.com
 1. Who owns Reach Plc? 
Nicholas Prettejohn and Jim Mullen

2. What other newspapers and media products do Reach Plc own?
Sunday Mirror, The Sunday People, Daily Express, Sunday Express, Daily Star, Daily Sunday and Scottish newspapers called Daily Record and Sunday Mail and OK! are the national print brands, Reach PLC have many more products like digital brands other print brands

 3. What ways can audiences access this newspaper?

The audience can go on their website to see recent news, can also get their app where you can get the newspaper digitally for free for 2 months and then a subscription will start or have a subscription to have Daily Mirror delivered to your address

4. Visit the website of some of the other  newspapers Reach Plc owns and read some of their articles. What political agenda or bias do they hold?

Daily Mirror has a political alignment of Labour and so is Daily Record and so is every single newspaper they produce is also Labour so Reach PLC has a political agenda for Labour

5. Who is the intended readership (audience) for The Daily Mirror. You must consider the demographic profile and the psychographic profile.

The Daily Mirror's target audience, according to NRS and ABC data is predominantly C2DE, over 35 and are working class Labour supporters.

Section B Newspaper

The Times is a daily national British newspaper which is based in London They started in 1785 but with the name The Daily Universal Register and then adopted its current name in 1788. It has a daily circulation of 417,298 in January 2019. The Mirror or better known as The Daily Mirror is also a daily national British newspaper that was founded in 1903, it has a daily print circulation of 716,923 in December 2016.

Tabloids are often considered to be less serious as it has small pages, short articles and lots of photographs. The Mirror is a tabloid, The Mirror has a red top tabloid format.

The other known format is broadsheet which is the largest newspaper format and is characterised by long vertical pages. The Times is a broadsheet, which is a compact broadsheet format.

The Mirror is owned by  company Reach plc. which is also a British newspaper, magazine and a digital publisher and own Sunday Mirror, The Sunday People, Daily Express, Sunday Express, Daily Star, Daily Sunday and Scottish newspapers called Daily Record and Sunday Mail and OK! The key people of Reach plc. is Nicholas Prettejohn and Jim Mullen.

The Times is owned by News UK which is a British newspaper and owned subsidiary of the American mass media conglomerate News Corp. They also own The Sunday Times and The Sun, its former publications include Today, News of the World and The London Paper newspaper. The key people of News UK is Rupert Murdoch, James Murdoch and Rebekah Brooks.

Both, Reach plc. and News UK are big companies that own many different newspapers and has a very powerful effect on everyone as they are basically everywhere and can express their sides of everything. Curran and Seaton's theory supports this as it's the media being controlled by a few of the most powerful and popular companies and the limitation of the concentration on to the media only causes a lack of variation, quality and creativity meaning that if we had a bigger variety of companies, we would have more of a variety in texts.

The Mirror originally pitched the middle class reader however it was converted to a working class newspaper in 1934 to reach a larger audience. The Mirror has constantly being supporting Labour Party since the 1945 general election. The Labour Party is a centre left political party and they believe in working within the established systems to improve social justice. As a centre left political party, on cases like Brexit they would believe and give reasons to leave the EU and as they are very powerful and have a big audience, they can easily change a vote of every individual person reading The Mirror newspaper's. Another point is immigration,